Regional experience in promoting self-employment and development of small entrepreneurship of unemployed citizens

Volume 5, Number 1, 2020, P. 100–109

[ SOCIOLOGICAL SCIENCES ]

Article (file: pdf, size: 388 KB, downloads: 346)

Abstract:

The promotion of self-employment and small business is an important area of the State employment policy in the context of economic globalisation, increased precarious work, emergence of new forms of employment, intensive development and widespread use of information and communication technologies. The article reveals the shortcomings and advantages of self-employment, its types and scientific approaches to the study, the differences from hired labour and individual entrepreneurship. It places emphasis on the role and importance of establishing a special tax regime for officially registered self-employed people, changes in their social characteristics. The main factors and features of the Russian experience in the development of self-employment at the present stage are described in comparison with other countries. In this study, such methods as the comparative analysis method, the statistical monitoring method and the method of secondary analysis of sociological data have been applied. The authors have analyzed the dynamics of changes in the performance indicators of the Ministry of Labor and Employment of Irkutsk Region and the Republican Employment Agency of the Republic of Buryatia within 2017-2019 years, the main challenges hindering the development of self-employment and its lack of efficiency. The researchers have formulated proposals aimed at stimulating self-employment and small business and improving their regulation by developing entrepreneurial skills and studying the socio-psychological readiness of unemployed citizens, increase of the size of state subsidies and lump-sum financial assistance, use of international experience to promote self-employment in Russian practice, and simplification of registration procedures as self-employed workers and entrepreneurs, monitoring of the proper use of budgetary funds, carefully designed social protection of self-employed workers.

Keywords:

self-employment, small business, precariat, unemployed, employment service, Irkutsk region, Buryatia, employment policy, self-employed workers, entrepreneurship

Authors:

Evgenia G. Kopalkina, Cand. Sci. (Philosophy), associate Professor of Sociology and Psychology Department, Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Irkutsk, Russia

Natalia V. Iltakova, Cand. Sci. (History), Senior Lecturer, Department of Theory and History of Law and State, Law Faculty, Buryat State University, Ulan-Ude, Russia

For citation:

Kopalkina E.G., Iltakova N.V. (2020) Regional experience in promoting self-employment and development of small entrepreneurship of unemployed citizens. Sotsial’naya kompetentnost’ = Social Competence. Vol. 5. No. 1. P. 100–109. (In Russ.)

References:

  1. Babenkov M.N. (2017) Improvement of the activities of Russian centers of employment in promoting selfemployment of unemployed citizens in entrepreneurship. Tsentral’nyi nauchnyi vestnik = Central science bulletin. Vol. 2. No. 23 (40). P. 37–39. (In Russ.)
  2. Bejdin S.V. (2016) Labor market and employment regulation in Trans-baikal Territory: employment policy. Vestnik Zabajkal`skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta = Transbaikal State University Journal (Bulletin of ZabGU). Vol. 22. No. 6. P. 40–46. (In Russ.)
  3. Burdukovskij R.P. (2013) Stability analysis of the small enterprises created with assistance of the employment service bodies of the Buryatia Republic. Vestnik Buryatskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. E`konomika i menedzhment = Bulletin of the Buryatia State University. Economics and management]. No. 2. P. 66–71. (In Russ.)
  4. Volovskaya N.M., Plyusnina L.K., Rusina A.V. (2016) Monitoring of opportunities for development of selfemployment in Novosibirsk oblast. E`konomicheskie i social`ny`e peremeny: fakty, tendencii, prognoz = Economic and Social Changes: Facts, Trends, forecast. No. 4 (46). P. 130–143. (In Russ.)
  5. Voronina L.I., Kas`yanova T.I. (2018) Mechanisms for promoting and development of selfemployment of unemployed citizens: a comparative analysis of foreign and Russian experience. Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin. No. 44. P. 264–282. (In Russ.)
  6. Golubkova I.V. (2015) Promotion of citizens’ selfemployment (through the example of Penza region). Voprosy sovremennoi ekonomiki: teoreticheskii i prakticheskii aspekty: materialy mezhdunarodnoi nauchnoprakticheskoi konferentsii (Penza, 29–30 oktyabrya 2015 g.) = Issues of modern economy: theoretical and practical aspects: the proceedings of the international scientific conference (Penza, October 29-30, 2015 year). Penzenskii gosudarstvennyi tekhnologicheskii universitet. P. 29–32. (In Russ.)
  7. Goncharova L.I., Goncharova E.A. (2018) Implementation of public policy to promote self-employment of unemployed citizens of Saratov region. Regional’naya vlast’, mestnoe samoupravlenie i grazhdanskoe obshchestvo: mekhanizmy vzaimodeistviya: materialy II Vserossiiskoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii (Saratov, 21 fevralya 2018 g.) = Regional power, local government and civil society: mechanisms of interaction: proceedings of the II All-Russian scientific conference (Saratov, February 21, 2018 year)]. Povolzhskii institut upravleniya imeni P.A. Stolypina – filial FGBOU VPO «Rossiiskaya akademiya narodnogo khozyaistva i gosudarstvennoi sluzhby pri Prezidente Rossiiskoi Federatsii». Saratov. P. 112–118. (In Russ.)
  8. Danil`chuk T.I., Nosy`reva I.G. (2012) Problems and prospects of unemployed citizens self-employment in Irkutsk region. Izvestiya of Irkutsk state economic academy (Baikal national university of economics and law). No. 3. P. 25. (In Russ.)
  9. Zemlyanuxina S.G., Alyukova E.V. (2017) Implementation of the program of promotion of self-employment of unemployed citizens in Saratov region. Chelovecheskii i proizvodstvennyi potentsial rossiiskoi ekonomiki pered global’nymi i lokal’nymi vyzovami: materialy mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii. Saratov, 30 noyabrya 2016 g. = Human and production potential of the Russian economy in the face of global and local challenges: proceedings of the international scientific conference. Saratov, November 30, 2016 year]. Saratov: Izdatel’stvo «KUBiK», 2017. P. 58–64. (In Russ.)
  10. Zimina E.V. (2018) Problems and prospects of development of social support for unemployed citizens through the promotion of their self-employment (on the example of Irkutsk). Istoricheskaya i social`no-obrazovatel`naya my`sl`= Historical and Social -Educational Idea. Vol. 10. No. 3–1. P. 150–154. (In Russ.)
  11. Kalmy`kov S.P., Rodionova T.P. (2015) Small business and self-employment of population as decisive factors in ensuring economic security in the crisis. Materialy IX Mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii prepodavatelei, aspirantov, magistrantov i studentov «Nepreryvnoe professional’noe obrazovanie: teoriya i praktika», Novosibirsk, 30 aprelya 2015 g. = Proceedings of the IX international scientific and practical conference of teachers, postgraduates, masters and students «Continuous professional education: theory and practice», Novosibirsk, 30 April 2015 year. Novosibirsk: Sibirskaya akademiya finansov i bankovskogo dela. P. 295–297. (In Russ.)
  12. Korbukova N.A., Labutina N.V. (2017) Information literacy and additional professional programs — the solution of employment of the population in the sphere of small business. Global`ny`j nauchny`j potencial = Global Scientific Potential. No. 11 (80). P. 82–85. (In Russ.)
  13. Laskin A.A. (2019) Promotion of self-employment as a factor of unemployment reduction through the example of Arkhangelsk region. Molodoj ucheny`j = Young scientist. No. 6 (244). P. 135–138. (In Russ.)
  14. Pavlovskaya O.Yu. (2015) Material support of selfemployment for the unemployed citizens: algorithm and aspects of law enforcement. Pravo. Zhurnal Vy`sshej shkoly` e`konomiki = Law. Journal of the Higher School of Economics. No. 1. P. 67–80. (In Russ.)
  15. Toshchenko Zh.T. (2020) Precariat: formation of a new class. Moscow: Tsentr sotsial’nogo prognozirovaniya i marketinga. 400 p. (In Russ.)
  16. Shpagina I.E., Pavlova I.V., Lavrina O.V. (2017) Regional labor market: problems and main trends of development. Nauka v central`noj Rossii = Science in Central Russia. No. 6 (30). P. 87–95. (In Russ.)
  17. Yakimenko I.I. (2019) Problems of promoting selfemployment of citizens in the region. (on the example of UZN activities in Amur Region). Nauchny`j al`manax = Science almanac. No. 5–1 (55). P. 112–116. (In Russ.)
  18. Yakupov A.A., Smolyagina M.V. (2017) Efficiency of state for promoting self-unemployed citizens on the example of republic of Tatarsta. Kazanskij social`no-gumanitarny`j vestnik = Kazan Socio-Humanitarian Bulletin. No. 3 (26). P. 57–61. (In Russ.)